✏️ Editing: path.json Read Only

{
 "type": "module",
 "source": "doc/api/path.md",
 "modules": [
 {
 "textRaw": "Path",
 "name": "path",
 "introduced_in": "v0.10.0",
 "stability": 2,
 "stabilityText": "Stable",
 "desc": "The <code>path</code> module provides utilities for working with file and directory paths.\nIt can be accessed using:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const path = require('path');\n</code></pre>",
 "modules": [
 {
 "textRaw": "Windows vs. POSIX",
 "name": "windows_vs._posix",
 "desc": "The default operation of the <code>path</code> module varies based on the operating system\non which a Node.js application is running. Specifically, when running on a\nWindows operating system, the <code>path</code> module will assume that Windows-style\npaths are being used.\nSo using <code>path.basename()</code> might yield different results on POSIX and Windows:\nOn POSIX:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.basename('C:\\\\temp\\\\myfile.html');\n// Returns: 'C:\\\\temp\\\\myfile.html'\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.basename('C:\\\\temp\\\\myfile.html');\n// Returns: 'myfile.html'\n</code></pre>\nTo achieve consistent results when working with Windows file paths on any\noperating system, use <a href=\"#path_path_win32\"><code>path.win32</code></a>:\nOn POSIX and Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.win32.basename('C:\\\\temp\\\\myfile.html');\n// Returns: 'myfile.html'\n</code></pre>\nTo achieve consistent results when working with POSIX file paths on any\noperating system, use <a href=\"#path_path_posix\"><code>path.posix</code></a>:\nOn POSIX and Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.posix.basename('/tmp/myfile.html');\n// Returns: 'myfile.html'\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows Node.js follows the concept of per-drive working directory.\nThis behavior can be observed when using a drive path without a backslash. For\nexample, <code>path.resolve('c:\\\\')</code> can potentially return a different result than\n<code>path.resolve('c:')</code>. For more information, see\n<a href=\"https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/FileIO/naming-a-file#fully-qualified-vs-relative-paths\">this MSDN page</a>.",
 "type": "module",
 "displayName": "Windows vs. POSIX"
 }
 ],
 "methods": [
 {
 "textRaw": "path.basename(path[, ext])",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "basename",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.1.25"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v6.0.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/5348",
 "description": "Passing a non-string as the `path` argument will throw now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`path` {string}",
 "name": "path",
 "type": "string"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`ext` {string} An optional file extension",
 "name": "ext",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "An optional file extension",
 "optional": true
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.basename()</code> methods returns the last portion of a <code>path</code>, similar to\nthe Unix <code>basename</code> command. Trailing directory separators are ignored, see\n<a href=\"#path_path_sep\"><code>path.sep</code></a>.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux.html');\n// Returns: 'quux.html'\n\npath.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux.html', '.html');\n// Returns: 'quux'\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if <code>path</code> is not a string or if <code>ext</code> is given\nand is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.dirname(path)",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "dirname",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.1.16"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v6.0.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/5348",
 "description": "Passing a non-string as the `path` argument will throw now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`path` {string}",
 "name": "path",
 "type": "string"
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.dirname()</code> method returns the directory name of a <code>path</code>, similar to\nthe Unix <code>dirname</code> command. Trailing directory separators are ignored, see\n<a href=\"#path_path_sep\"><code>path.sep</code></a>.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.dirname('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux');\n// Returns: '/foo/bar/baz/asdf'\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if <code>path</code> is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.extname(path)",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "extname",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.1.25"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v6.0.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/5348",
 "description": "Passing a non-string as the `path` argument will throw now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`path` {string}",
 "name": "path",
 "type": "string"
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.extname()</code> method returns the extension of the <code>path</code>, from the last\noccurrence of the <code>.</code> (period) character to end of string in the last portion of\nthe <code>path</code>. If there is no <code>.</code> in the last portion of the <code>path</code>, or if the\nfirst character of the basename of <code>path</code> (see <code>path.basename()</code>) is <code>.</code>, then\nan empty string is returned.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.extname('index.html');\n// Returns: '.html'\n\npath.extname('index.coffee.md');\n// Returns: '.md'\n\npath.extname('index.');\n// Returns: '.'\n\npath.extname('index');\n// Returns: ''\n\npath.extname('.index');\n// Returns: ''\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if <code>path</code> is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.format(pathObject)",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "format",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.11.15"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`pathObject` {Object}",
 "name": "pathObject",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`dir` {string}",
 "name": "dir",
 "type": "string"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`root` {string}",
 "name": "root",
 "type": "string"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`base` {string}",
 "name": "base",
 "type": "string"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`name` {string}",
 "name": "name",
 "type": "string"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`ext` {string}",
 "name": "ext",
 "type": "string"
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.format()</code> method returns a path string from an object. This is the\nopposite of <a href=\"#path_path_parse_path\"><code>path.parse()</code></a>.\nWhen providing properties to the <code>pathObject</code> remember that there are\ncombinations where one property has priority over another:\n<ul>\n<li><code>pathObject.root</code> is ignored if <code>pathObject.dir</code> is provided</li>\n<li><code>pathObject.ext</code> and <code>pathObject.name</code> are ignored if <code>pathObject.base</code> exists</li>\n</ul>\nFor example, on POSIX:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">// If `dir`, `root` and `base` are provided,\n// `${dir}${path.sep}${base}`\n// will be returned. `root` is ignored.\npath.format({\n root: '/ignored',\n dir: '/home/user/dir',\n base: 'file.txt'\n});\n// Returns: '/home/user/dir/file.txt'\n\n// `root` will be used if `dir` is not specified.\n// If only `root` is provided or `dir` is equal to `root` then the\n// platform separator will not be included. `ext` will be ignored.\npath.format({\n root: '/',\n base: 'file.txt',\n ext: 'ignored'\n});\n// Returns: '/file.txt'\n\n// `name` + `ext` will be used if `base` is not specified.\npath.format({\n root: '/',\n name: 'file',\n ext: '.txt'\n});\n// Returns: '/file.txt'\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.format({\n dir: 'C:\\\\path\\\\dir',\n base: 'file.txt'\n});\n// Returns: 'C:\\\\path\\\\dir\\\\file.txt'\n</code></pre>"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.isAbsolute(path)",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "isAbsolute",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.11.2"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {boolean}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "boolean"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`path` {string}",
 "name": "path",
 "type": "string"
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.isAbsolute()</code> method determines if <code>path</code> is an absolute path.\nIf the given <code>path</code> is a zero-length string, <code>false</code> will be returned.\nFor example, on POSIX:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.isAbsolute('/foo/bar'); // true\npath.isAbsolute('/baz/..'); // true\npath.isAbsolute('qux/'); // false\npath.isAbsolute('.'); // false\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.isAbsolute('//server'); // true\npath.isAbsolute('\\\\\\\\server'); // true\npath.isAbsolute('C:/foo/..'); // true\npath.isAbsolute('C:\\\\foo\\\\..'); // true\npath.isAbsolute('bar\\\\baz'); // false\npath.isAbsolute('bar/baz'); // false\npath.isAbsolute('.'); // false\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if <code>path</code> is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.join([...paths])",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "join",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.1.16"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`...paths` {string} A sequence of path segments",
 "name": "...paths",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "A sequence of path segments",
 "optional": true
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.join()</code> method joins all given <code>path</code> segments together using the\nplatform-specific separator as a delimiter, then normalizes the resulting path.\nZero-length <code>path</code> segments are ignored. If the joined path string is a\nzero-length string then <code>'.'</code> will be returned, representing the current\nworking directory.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.join('/foo', 'bar', 'baz/asdf', 'quux', '..');\n// Returns: '/foo/bar/baz/asdf'\n\npath.join('foo', {}, 'bar');\n// throws 'TypeError: Path must be a string. Received {}'\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if any of the path segments is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.normalize(path)",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "normalize",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.1.23"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`path` {string}",
 "name": "path",
 "type": "string"
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.normalize()</code> method normalizes the given <code>path</code>, resolving <code>'..'</code> and\n<code>'.'</code> segments.\nWhen multiple, sequential path segment separation characters are found (e.g.\n<code>/</code> on POSIX and either <code>\\</code> or <code>/</code> on Windows), they are replaced by a single\ninstance of the platform-specific path segment separator (<code>/</code> on POSIX and\n<code>\\</code> on Windows). Trailing separators are preserved.\nIf the <code>path</code> is a zero-length string, <code>'.'</code> is returned, representing the\ncurrent working directory.\nFor example, on POSIX:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.normalize('/foo/bar//baz/asdf/quux/..');\n// Returns: '/foo/bar/baz/asdf'\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.normalize('C:\\\\temp\\\\\\\\foo\\\\bar\\\\..\\\\');\n// Returns: 'C:\\\\temp\\\\foo\\\\'\n</code></pre>\nSince Windows recognizes multiple path separators, both separators will be\nreplaced by instances of the Windows preferred separator (<code>\\</code>):\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.win32.normalize('C:////temp\\\\\\\\/\\\\/\\\\/foo/bar');\n// Returns: 'C:\\\\temp\\\\foo\\\\bar'\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if <code>path</code> is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.parse(path)",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "parse",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.11.15"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Object}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Object"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`path` {string}",
 "name": "path",
 "type": "string"
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.parse()</code> method returns an object whose properties represent\nsignificant elements of the <code>path</code>. Trailing directory separators are ignored,\nsee <a href=\"#path_path_sep\"><code>path.sep</code></a>.\nThe returned object will have the following properties:\n<ul>\n<li><code>dir</code> <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type\" class=\"type\">&lt;string&gt;</a></li>\n<li><code>root</code> <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type\" class=\"type\">&lt;string&gt;</a></li>\n<li><code>base</code> <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type\" class=\"type\">&lt;string&gt;</a></li>\n<li><code>name</code> <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type\" class=\"type\">&lt;string&gt;</a></li>\n<li><code>ext</code> <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type\" class=\"type\">&lt;string&gt;</a></li>\n</ul>\nFor example, on POSIX:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.parse('/home/user/dir/file.txt');\n// Returns:\n// { root: '/',\n// dir: '/home/user/dir',\n// base: 'file.txt',\n// ext: '.txt',\n// name: 'file' }\n</code></pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">┌─────────────────────┬────────────┐\n│ dir │ base │\n├──────┬ ├──────┬─────┤\n│ root │ │ name │ ext │\n\" / home/user/dir / file .txt \"\n└──────┴──────────────┴──────┴─────┘\n(All spaces in the \"\" line should be ignored. They are purely for formatting.)\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.parse('C:\\\\path\\\\dir\\\\file.txt');\n// Returns:\n// { root: 'C:\\\\',\n// dir: 'C:\\\\path\\\\dir',\n// base: 'file.txt',\n// ext: '.txt',\n// name: 'file' }\n</code></pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">┌─────────────────────┬────────────┐\n│ dir │ base │\n├──────┬ ├──────┬─────┤\n│ root │ │ name │ ext │\n\" C:\\ path\\dir \\ file .txt \"\n└──────┴──────────────┴──────┴─────┘\n(All spaces in the \"\" line should be ignored. They are purely for formatting.)\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if <code>path</code> is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.relative(from, to)",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "relative",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.5.0"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v6.8.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/8523",
 "description": "On Windows, the leading slashes for UNC paths are now included in the return value."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`from` {string}",
 "name": "from",
 "type": "string"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`to` {string}",
 "name": "to",
 "type": "string"
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.relative()</code> method returns the relative path from <code>from</code> to <code>to</code> based\non the current working directory. If <code>from</code> and <code>to</code> each resolve to the same\npath (after calling <code>path.resolve()</code> on each), a zero-length string is returned.\nIf a zero-length string is passed as <code>from</code> or <code>to</code>, the current working\ndirectory will be used instead of the zero-length strings.\nFor example, on POSIX:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.relative('/data/orandea/test/aaa', '/data/orandea/impl/bbb');\n// Returns: '../../impl/bbb'\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.relative('C:\\\\orandea\\\\test\\\\aaa', 'C:\\\\orandea\\\\impl\\\\bbb');\n// Returns: '..\\\\..\\\\impl\\\\bbb'\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if either <code>from</code> or <code>to</code> is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.resolve([...paths])",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "resolve",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.4"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`...paths` {string} A sequence of paths or path segments",
 "name": "...paths",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "A sequence of paths or path segments",
 "optional": true
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>path.resolve()</code> method resolves a sequence of paths or path segments into\nan absolute path.\nThe given sequence of paths is processed from right to left, with each\nsubsequent <code>path</code> prepended until an absolute path is constructed.\nFor instance, given the sequence of path segments: <code>/foo</code>, <code>/bar</code>, <code>baz</code>,\ncalling <code>path.resolve('/foo', '/bar', 'baz')</code> would return <code>/bar/baz</code>.\nIf after processing all given <code>path</code> segments an absolute path has not yet\nbeen generated, the current working directory is used.\nThe resulting path is normalized and trailing slashes are removed unless the\npath is resolved to the root directory.\nZero-length <code>path</code> segments are ignored.\nIf no <code>path</code> segments are passed, <code>path.resolve()</code> will return the absolute path\nof the current working directory.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">path.resolve('/foo/bar', './baz');\n// Returns: '/foo/bar/baz'\n\npath.resolve('/foo/bar', '/tmp/file/');\n// Returns: '/tmp/file'\n\npath.resolve('wwwroot', 'static_files/png/', '../gif/image.gif');\n// if the current working directory is /home/myself/node,\n// this returns '/home/myself/node/wwwroot/static_files/gif/image.gif'\n</code></pre>\nA <a href=\"errors.html#errors_class_typeerror\"><code>TypeError</code></a> is thrown if any of the arguments is not a string."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "path.toNamespacedPath(path)",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "toNamespacedPath",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v9.0.0"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {string}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "string"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`path` {string}",
 "name": "path",
 "type": "string"
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "On Windows systems only, returns an equivalent <a href=\"https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/FileIO/naming-a-file#namespaces\">namespace-prefixed path</a> for\nthe given <code>path</code>. If <code>path</code> is not a string, <code>path</code> will be returned without\nmodifications.\nThis method is meaningful only on Windows system. On POSIX systems, the\nmethod is non-operational and always returns <code>path</code> without modifications."
 }
 ],
 "properties": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`delimiter` {string}",
 "type": "string",
 "name": "delimiter",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.9.3"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "desc": "Provides the platform-specific path delimiter:\n<ul>\n<li><code>;</code> for Windows</li>\n<li><code>:</code> for POSIX</li>\n</ul>\nFor example, on POSIX:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">console.log(process.env.PATH);\n// Prints: '/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin'\n\nprocess.env.PATH.split(path.delimiter);\n// Returns: ['/usr/bin', '/bin', '/usr/sbin', '/sbin', '/usr/local/bin']\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">console.log(process.env.PATH);\n// Prints: 'C:\\Windows\\system32;C:\\Windows;C:\\Program Files\\node\\'\n\nprocess.env.PATH.split(path.delimiter);\n// Returns ['C:\\\\Windows\\\\system32', 'C:\\\\Windows', 'C:\\\\Program Files\\\\node\\\\']\n</code></pre>"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`posix` {Object}",
 "type": "Object",
 "name": "posix",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.11.15"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "desc": "The <code>path.posix</code> property provides access to POSIX specific implementations\nof the <code>path</code> methods."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`sep` {string}",
 "type": "string",
 "name": "sep",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.7.9"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "desc": "Provides the platform-specific path segment separator:\n<ul>\n<li><code>\\</code> on Windows</li>\n<li><code>/</code> on POSIX</li>\n</ul>\nFor example, on POSIX:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">'foo/bar/baz'.split(path.sep);\n// Returns: ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">'foo\\\\bar\\\\baz'.split(path.sep);\n// Returns: ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']\n</code></pre>\nOn Windows, both the forward slash (<code>/</code>) and backward slash (<code>\\</code>) are accepted\nas path segment separators; however, the <code>path</code> methods only add backward\nslashes (<code>\\</code>)."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`win32` {Object}",
 "type": "Object",
 "name": "win32",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.11.15"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "desc": "The <code>path.win32</code> property provides access to Windows-specific implementations\nof the <code>path</code> methods."
 }
 ],
 "type": "module",
 "displayName": "Path"
 }
 ]
}

✏️ Editing: path.json Read Only

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